Raw Milk Laws by State — Complete 2026 Guide

Raw milk laws in the United States form a complex patchwork — each state sets its own rules for who can sell, how they can sell it, and where. Some states treat raw milk like any other food product; others ban it entirely. This guide compiles the current legal status for all 50 states as of .

10
States allow retail sales
28
Farm gate only
3
Herdshare only
9
States prohibit sales

50-State Raw Milk Law Comparison

StateLegal StatusFarm GateRetailHerdshareFarmers Market
AlabamaLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoNoNo
AlaskaLimited / Pet Milk OnlyYesNoNoNo
ArizonaLegal (Retail Sales)YesYesYesYes
ArkansasLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoNoNo
CaliforniaLegal (Retail Sales)YesYesYesYes
ColoradoHerdshare OnlyNoNoYesNo
ConnecticutLegal (Retail Sales)YesYesYesYes
DelawareProhibitedNoNoNoNo
FloridaLimited / Pet Milk OnlyYesNoNoNo
GeorgiaLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoNoNo
HawaiiProhibitedNoNoNoNo
IdahoLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoYesNo
IllinoisLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoNoNo
IndianaLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoYesNo
IowaProhibitedNoNoNoNo
KansasLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoNoNo
KentuckyLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoNoNo
LouisianaProhibitedNoNoNoNo
MaineLegal (Retail Sales)YesYesYesYes
MarylandLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoNoNo
MassachusettsLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoNoNo
MichiganHerdshare OnlyNoNoYesNo
MinnesotaLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoNoNo
MississippiLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoNoNo
MissouriLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoYesNo
MontanaProhibitedNoNoNoNo
NebraskaLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoNoNo
NevadaProhibitedNoNoNoNo
New HampshireLegal (Retail Sales)YesYesYesYes
New JerseyProhibitedNoNoNoNo
New MexicoLegal (Retail Sales)YesYesYesYes
New YorkLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoNoNo
North CarolinaLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoNoNo
North DakotaLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoNoNo
OhioLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoYesNo
OklahomaLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoNoNo
OregonLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoYesNo
PennsylvaniaLegal (Retail Sales)YesYesYesYes
Rhode IslandProhibitedNoNoNoNo
South CarolinaLegal (Retail Sales)YesYesYesYes
South DakotaLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoNoNo
TennesseeLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoYesNo
TexasLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoNoNo
UtahLegal (Retail Sales)YesYesYesYes
VermontLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoYesNo
VirginiaHerdshare OnlyNoNoYesNo
WashingtonLegal (Retail Sales)YesYesYesYes
West VirginiaLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoNoNo
WisconsinProhibitedNoNoNoNo
WyomingLegal (Farm Gate Only)YesNoYesNo

Last updated: . Laws change — always verify with your state's department of agriculture before buying or selling.

Frequently Asked Questions

What states allow raw milk sales?

As of 2026, 10 states allow retail raw milk sales in stores. Many additional states allow farm-gate sales only. States like California, Pennsylvania, Arizona, Washington, and Maine have the most permissive laws. See the table above for the complete picture.

Is it legal to sell raw milk?

It depends on your state. It is never legal to ship raw milk across state lines for human consumption under federal law (21 CFR 1240.61). Within states, about 30 states permit some form of raw milk sales, while roughly 9 states prohibit it entirely. Penalties for selling raw milk illegally vary widely.

What is a herdshare?

A herdshare is a legal contract where a consumer purchases partial ownership of a dairy animal. The farmer boards and milks the animal, and the owner receives their share of the milk. Because the consumer is receiving milk from their own animal rather than buying it, herdshares are legal in some states where direct raw milk sales are otherwise prohibited. Learn more about herdshare programs →